Scoping paper on the potential risk(s) of Garcinia cambogia oral consumption

Abbreviations

TOX/2025/41

Last updated: 27 October 2025

This is a discussion paper. It does not reflect the views of the Committee. It should not be cited.

AESAN

Spanish Scientific Committee of the Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition

AhR

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor

AIDS

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome

ALP

alkaline phosphatase

ALT

Alanine transaminase

ANA

Anti-nuclear antibody

ANSES

French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety

ANSM

French National Agency for the Safety of Medicines and Health Products

ASMA

Anti-smooth muscle antibodies

ASP

Aspartate aminotransferase

ATP

Adenosinetriphosphate

BaP

Benzo[a]pyrene

BMI

Body mass index

CHO

Chinese hamster ovary cell line

COT

Committee on the Toxicity of Chemicals in Food, Consumer Products and the Environment

CYP

Cytochrome P450

DCFH-DA

2′− 7′- dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate

DGCCRF

General Directorate for Competition, Consumer Affairs and Fraud Control

DILIN

US Drug Induced Liver Injury Network

DMSO

Dimethyl sulfoxide

EAT

Exposure assessment team

FSA

Food Standards Agency

FSS

Food Standards Scotland

GGT

Gamma-glutamyl transferase

HCA

Hydroxycitric acid

HDS

Herbal and dietary supplements

HepG2

Hepatocellular carcinoma cell line

HIV

Human immunodeficiency virus

IC50

Half maximal inhibitory concentration

IPS

Italian Phytovigilance System

LATINDILI

Latin America-Drug Induced Liver Injury database

MDCK-MDR1

Madin-Darby Canine Kidney-Human Multidrug Resistance gene-1 cell line

MHRA

Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency

MIDS

Multi-ingredient dietary supplements

MMC

Mitomycin C

MNPCE

Micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes

MTT

3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide

NCE

Normochromatic erythrocytes

NDNS

National Diet and Nutrition Survey

NOAEL

No observed adverse effect level

PXR

Pregnane X receptor

RCT

Randomised clinical trial

ROS

Reactive oxygen species

TB

Total bilirubin

TGA

Australian Department of Health, Disability and Ageing Therapeutic Goods Administration

UK

United Kingdom

US FDA

United States Food and Drug Administration

US NCCIH

United States National Centre for Complementary and Integrative Health

WG

Working Group

WHO

World Health Organisation