References - T-2 and HT-2

This is a paper for discussion. This does not represent the views of the Committee and should not be cited.

Bates B.D., Collins K., Jones P., et al. (2020) National Diet and Nutrition Survey Results from years 9, 10 and 11 (combined) of the Rolling Programme (2016/2017 to 2018/2019). Survey, London: Public Health England. NDNS: results from years 9 to 11 (2016 to 2017 and 2018 to 2019) - GOV.UK.

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Bates B., Cox L., Page S., et al. (2016) National Diet and Nutrition Survey Results from Years 5 and 6 (combined) of the Rolling Programme (2012/2013 – 2013/2014). London: Public Health England. Main heading.

COT (2018) Statement of T-2 toxin (T2), HT-2 toxin (HT2) and neosolaniol (NEO) in the diet of infants aged 0 to 12 months and children aged 1 to 5 years. cotstatement-t2ht2andneosolaniol.pdf.

COT (2021) Statement on the potential risk(s) of combined exposure to mycotoxins. Combined exposure to mycotoxins report.

Croucher D. (2023) United Kingdom Oat Supply in the context of the Food Standards Agency / Food Standards Scotland Call for Data on T-2 and HT-2 Toxins. A Science & Evidence Based Review including additional data on UK Milling Barely. Confidential.

Department of Health (2011) “Diet and Nutrition Survey of Infants and Young Children, 2011.” Diet and nutrition survey of infants and young children, 2011 - GOV.UK.

EFSA (2011) Scientific Opinion on the risks for animal and public health related to the presence of T-2 and HT-2 toxin in food and feed. EFSA Journal 9(12): 2481 Scientific Opinion on the risks for animal and public health related to the presence of T‐2 and HT‐2 toxin in food and feed.

EFSA (2017) Human and animal dietary exposure to T-2 and HT-2 toxin. EFSA Journal 15(8):4972 Human and animal dietary exposure to T‐2 and HT‐2 toxin.

EFSA (2025) Food classification standardisation – The FoodEx2 system. Food classification standardisation – The FoodEx2 system | EFSA.

FSA (2015). Retail survey of T-2 and HT-2 toxin levels in oat based products. Executive Summary: fs102126execsum.pdf

FSA (2023) Call for data: T-2 and HT-2 toxins in food Call for data: T-2 and HT-2 toxins in food | Food Standards Agency.

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JECFA (2024) Safety evaluation of certain food contaminants: prepared by the ninety-third meeting of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). Geneva: World Health Organization and Food and Agriculture. Safety evaluation of certain contaminants in food: prepared by the ninety-third meeting of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (‎JECFA)‎

Meyer J.C., Birr T., Hennies I., et al. (2022) “Reduction of deoxynivalenol, T-2 and HT-2 toxins and associated Fusarium species during commercial and laboratory de-hulling of milling oats.” Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A 39(6): 1163–1183.

Pettersson H. (2008) T-2 and HT-2 toxins in oats and oat products. 5th EC Fusarium-Toxin Forum, Brussels, 10-11 January 2008.

Polišenská I., Jirsa O., Vaculová K., et al. (2020) Fusarium Mycotoxins in Two Hulless Oat and Barley Cultivars Used for Food Purposes. Foods, 9(8), 1037.

Roberts C., Steer T., Maplethorpe N., et al. (2018) National Diet and Nutrition Survey Results from Years 7 and 8 (combined) of the Rolling Programme (2014/2015 to 2015/2016). Survey, London: Public Health England. National Diet and Nutrition Survey.

Safefood (2024) Mycotoxin control in cereals: safeguarding food. Technical Project Report. Mycotoxin control in cereals: safeguarding human food.

Schwake-Anduschus C., Langenkämper G., Unbehend G., et al. (2010) Occurrence of Fusarium T-2 and HT-2 toxins in oats from cultivar studies in Germany and degradation of the toxins during grain cleaning treatment and food processing. Food Additives and Contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure & Risk Assessment 27: 1253-1260.

SCF (2002) Opinion of the Scientific Committee on Food on Fusarium toxins.

UK Government Data Quality Hub (2020) “The Government Data Quality Framework.” The Government Data Quality Framework - GOV.UK.

UK HM Treasury (2015) “The Aqua Book: guidance on producing quality analysis for government.” The Aqua Book: guidance on producing quality analysis for government.