TOX/2025/47 Annex A

Literature search on the reproductive toxicity, immunotoxicity, pathology and histopathology of BPA

TOX/2025/47

Last updated: 05 December 2025

This is a background paper for discussion. It has not been finalised and should not be cited.

A literature search was performed from January 2022 until June 2024 using the following search terms:

(Bisphenol A OR BPA) AND (reproduct* OR   immunotox* OR patholog* OR histopatholog* OR Th17).

The search returned 761 articles, of which 3 were duplicates.  After manual filtering (titles and abstracts) 101 articles remained:

  • Broader BPA studies (4),
  • Immune effects of BPA (10),
  • Reproductive effects of BPA (70),
  • Pathology/histopathology (8),
  • Other toxic effects (9).